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Roberta Flack

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Roberta Flack
Flack in 2002
Flack in 2002
Background information
Birth nameRoberta Cleopatra Flack
Also known asRubina Flake[1]
Born (1937-02-10) February 10, 1937 (age 87)
Black Mountain, North Carolina, U.S.
GenresJazz, soul, R&B
OccupationsSinger, songwriter, musician
InstrumentsVocals, keyboards
Years active1968–2022
LabelsAtlantic (1968–1996)
Angel / Capitol (1997)
RAS / 429 / Sony/ATV (2011–2018)
Websiterobertaflack.com

Roberta Cleopatra Flack (born February 10, 1937)[2][3] is a retired American singer who topped the Billboard charts with the No. 1 singles "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face", "Killing Me Softly with His Song", and "Feel Like Makin' Love".

Flack influenced the subgenre of contemporary R&B called quiet storm, and interpreted songs by songwriters such as Leonard Cohen and members of the Beatles.[4]

Flack was the first artist to win the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in two consecutive years: "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" won in 1973 and "Killing Me Softly with His Song" won in 1974.

Early life and education

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Flack was born on February 10, 1937, in Black Mountain, North Carolina, to parents Laron Flack, a Veterans Administration draftsman,[5] and Irene (née Council)[6] Flack[7] a church organist[8][9][3][2] (some sources have cited 1939 but the 1940 Census gives Roberta's age as 3 years old).[10][11] She grew up in Arlington, Virginia.[12]

Growing up in a large, musical family, she often accompanied the choir of Lomax African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church by playing hymns and spirituals on piano, but she also enjoyed going to the "Baptist church down the street" to listen to contemporary gospel music including songs performed by Mahalia Jackson and Sam Cooke.[13]

When Flack was nine, she started taking an interest in playing the piano.[7] During her early teens, Flack excelled at classical piano and Howard University awarded her a full music scholarship.[14]

By age 15, she entered Howard University in Washington, D.C., making her one of the youngest students ever to enroll there. She eventually changed her major from piano to voice and became an assistant conductor of the university choir. Her direction of a production of Aida received a standing ovation from the Howard University faculty.

Flack became a student teacher at a school near Chevy Chase, Maryland. She graduated from Howard University at 19 and began graduate studies in music there, but the sudden death of her father forced her to take a job teaching music and English in Farmville, North Carolina.[15]

Career

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Early career

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Before becoming a professional singer-songwriter, Flack returned to Washington, D.C., and taught at Banneker, Browne, and Rabaut Junior High Schools. She also taught private piano lessons out of her home on Euclid Street, NW in the city. During that time, her music career began to take shape on evenings and weekends in Washington metropolitan area night spots.

At the Tivoli Club, she accompanied opera singers at the piano. During intermissions, she would sing blues, folk, and pop standards in a back room, accompanying herself on the piano. Later she performed several nights a week at the 1520 Club, again providing her own piano accompaniment. About this time her voice teacher, Frederick "Wilkie" Wilkerson, told her that he saw a brighter future for her in pop music than in the classics. Flack modified her repertoire accordingly and her reputation spread. In 1968 she began singing professionally when she was hired to perform regularly at Mr. Henry's Restaurant, which is on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C.[16][17]

1970s

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Flack in 1971
Flack on the cover of Cash Box, April 22, 1972

Les McCann discovered Flack singing and playing jazz in a Washington, D.C. nightclub.[7] He later said on the liner notes of what would be her first album First Take noted below, "Her voice touched, tapped, trapped, and kicked every emotion I've ever known. I laughed, cried, and screamed for more... she alone had the voice." Very quickly he arranged an audition for her with Atlantic Records, during which she played 42 songs in 3 hours for producer Joel Dorn. In November 1968, she recorded 39 song demos in less than 10 hours. Three months later, Atlantic reportedly recorded Flack's debut album, First Take, in a mere 10 hours.[12]

In 1971, Flack participated in the legendary Soul to Soul concert film by Denis Sanders, which was headlined by Wilson Pickett along with Ike & Tina Turner, Santana, The Staple Singers, Les McCann, Eddie Harris, The Voices of East Harlem, and others. The U.S. delegation of musical artists was invited to perform for the 14th anniversary of African independence in Ghana.[18] The film was digitally reissued on DVD and CD in 2004 but Flack declined permission for her image and recording to be included for unknown reasons. Her a cappella performance of the traditional spiritual "Oh Freedom" retitled "Freedom Song" on the original Soul to Soul LP soundtrack is only available in the VHS version of the film.[19]

Flack's cover version of "Will You Love Me Tomorrow" hit number 76 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1972. Her Atlantic recordings did not sell particularly well, until actor/director Clint Eastwood chose a song from First Take, "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" written by Ewan MacColl, for the sound track of his directorial debut Play Misty for Me; it became the biggest hit of the year for 1972, spending six consecutive weeks at No. 1 and earning Flack a million-selling Gold disc.[20] It finished the year as Billboard's top song of 1972. The First Take album also went to No. 1 and eventually sold 1.9 million copies in the United States. Eastwood, who paid $2,000 for the use of the song in the film,[21] has remained an admirer and friend of Flack's ever since. It was awarded the Grammy Award for Record of the Year in 1973. In 1983, she recorded the end music to the Dirty Harry film Sudden Impact at Eastwood's request.[12]

In 1972, Flack began recording regularly with Donny Hathaway, scoring hits such as the Grammy-winning "Where Is the Love" (1972) and later "The Closer I Get to You" (1978), both million-selling gold singles.[20] Flack and Hathaway recorded several duets together, including two LPs, until Hathaway's 1979 death.

On her own Flack scored her second No. 1 hit in 1973, "Killing Me Softly with His Song" written by Charles Fox, Norman Gimbel and Lori Lieberman.[22] It was awarded both Record of the Year and Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female at the 1974 Grammy Awards. Its parent album was Flack's biggest-selling disc, eventually earning double platinum certification. In 1974, Flack released "Feel Like Makin' Love," which became her third and final No. 1 hit to date on the Hot 100; she produced the single and her 1975 album of the same name under the pseudonym Rubina Flake. In 1974, Flack sang the lead on a Sherman Brothers song called "Freedom", which featured prominently at the opening and closing of the movie Huckleberry Finn. In the same year, she performed "When We Grow Up" with a teenage Michael Jackson on the 1974 television special, Free to Be... You and Me.

1980s

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Flack in 1995

Flack had a 1982 hit single with "Making Love", written by Burt Bacharach (the title track of the 1982 film of the same name), which reached No. 13. She began working with Peabo Bryson with more limited success, charting as high as No. 5 on the R&B chart (plus No. 16 Pop and No. 4 Adult Contemporary) with "Tonight, I Celebrate My Love" in 1983.

In 1986, Flack sang the theme song entitled "Together Through the Years" for the NBC television series Valerie, later known as The Hogan Family. The song was used throughout the show's six seasons. In 1987, Flack supplied the voice of Michael Jackson's mother in the 18-minute short film for "Bad".[23] Oasis was released in 1988 and failed to make an impact with pop audiences, though the title track reached No. 1 on the R&B chart and a remix of "Uh-Uh Ooh-Ooh Look Out (Here It Comes)" topped the dance chart in 1989. Flack found herself again in the US Top 10 with the hit song "Set the Night to Music", a 1991 duet with Jamaican vocalist Maxi Priest that peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts and No. 2 AC.

Later career

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Flack performing in 2013

In 1999, a star with Flack's name was placed on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.[14] In the same year, she gave a concert tour in South Africa; the final performance was attended by President Nelson Mandela. In 2010, she appeared on the 52nd Annual Grammy Awards, singing a duet of "Where Is The Love" with Maxwell.

In February 2012, Flack released Let It Be Roberta, an album of Beatles covers including "Hey Jude" and "Let It Be". It was her first recording in over eight years.[24] Flack knew John Lennon and Yoko Ono, as both lived in The Dakota apartment building in New York City and had apartments next door to each other. Flack has said that she has been asked to do a second album of Beatles covers.[25] In 2013, she was reported to be involved in an interpretative album of the Beatles' classics.[26]

At age 80, Flack made her most recent recording, Running, the closing credits song of the 2018 feature documentary 3100: Run and Become with music and lyrics by Michael A. Levine.[27]

Critical reputation

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In 1971, Village Voice critic Robert Christgau reported that "Flack is generally regarded as the most significant new black woman singer since Aretha Franklin, and at moments she sounds kind, intelligent, and very likable. But she often exhibits the gratuitous gentility you'd expect of someone who says 'between you and I'." Reviewing her body of work from the 1970s, he later argued that the singer "has nothing whatsoever to do with rock and roll or rhythm and blues and almost nothing to do with soul", comparing her middle-of-the-road aesthetic to Barry Manilow but with better taste, which he believed does not necessarily guarantee more enduring music: "In the long run, pop lies are improved by vulgarity."[13]

Writer and music critic Ann Powers argued in a 2020 piece for NPR that "Flack's presence looms over both R&B and indie "bedroom" pop as if she were one of the astral beings in Ava DuVernay's version of A Wrinkle In Time." [4] Jason King argued that she occupies a complex place in popular music, as "the nature of her power as a performer—to generate rapturous, spellbinding mood music and to plumb the depths of soulful heaviness by way of classically-informed technique—is not too easy to claim or make sense with the limited tools that we have in music criticism."[4]

Flack's minimalist, classically trained approach to her songs was seen by a number of critics as lacking in grit and uncharacteristic of soul music. According to music scholar Jason King, her work was regularly described with the adjectives "boring", "depressing", "lifeless", "studied", and "calculated";[13] in contrast, AllMusic's Steve Huey said it has been called "classy, urbane, reserved, smooth, and sophisticated".[28]

Personal life

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Flack is a member of the Artist Empowerment Coalition, which advocates for artists to have the right to control their creative properties. She is also a spokeswoman for the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals; her appearance in commercials for the ASPCA featured "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face". The Hyde Leadership Charter School in the Bronx, NYC, runs an after-school music program called "The Roberta Flack School of Music" to provide free music education to underprivileged students in partnership with Flack, who founded the school.[29]

From 1966 to 1972, she was married to Steve Novosel. Flack is the aunt of professional ice skater Rory Flack.[30][31] She is also the godmother of musician Bernard Wright, who died in an accident on May 19, 2022.

According to DNA analysis, she is of Cameroonian descent.[32]

Health

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On April 20, 2018, Flack was appearing onstage at the Apollo Theater at a benefit for the Jazz Foundation of America. She became ill, left the stage, and was rushed to the Harlem Hospital Center.[33] In a statement, her manager announced that Flack had had a stroke a few years prior and still was not feeling well, but was "doing fine" and being kept overnight for medical observation.[34]

On November 14, 2022, it was announced by a spokesperson that Flack had been diagnosed with ALS and had retired from performing,[35] due to the disease making it "impossible to sing".[36]

Accolades

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On May 11, 2017, Roberta Flack received an honorary Doctorate degree in the Arts from Long Island University.[37]

Flack was inducted into the North Carolina Music Hall of Fame in 2009.[38]

In 2021, Flack was one of the first inductees into the Women Songwriters Hall of Fame.[39]

On March 12, 2022, Flack was honored with the DAR Women in American History Award and a restored fire callbox in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington DC commemorating her early-career connection to nearby Mr. Henry's neighborhood bar.[40]

On 24 January 2023, the PBS series American Masters opened its 37th season with an hour-long look at her career.[41]

On May 13, 2023, Flack received an honorary doctorate from Berklee College of Music.[42]

Grammy Awards

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The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Flack has received four awards from thirteen nominations.[43]

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1972 "You've Got a Friend" (with Donny Hathaway) Best R&B Vocal Performance by a Group Nominated
1973 "The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" Record of the Year Won
"Where Is the Love" (with Donny Hathaway) Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo, Group or Chorus Won
Quiet Fire Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female Nominated
1974 Killing Me Softly Album of the Year Nominated
"Killing Me Softly with His Song" Record of the Year Won
Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female Won
1975 "Feel Like Makin' Love" Record of the Year Nominated
Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female Nominated
1979 "The Closer I Get to You" (with Donny Hathaway) Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group Nominated
1981 Roberta Flack Featuring Donny Hathaway Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female Nominated
"Back Together Again" (with Donny Hathaway) Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal Nominated
1995 Roberta Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance Nominated
2020 Roberta Flack Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award Won

American Music Awards

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The American Music Awards is an annual awards ceremony created by Dick Clark in 1973. Flack has received one award from six nominations.

Year Nominee / work Award Result
1974 Favorite Female Artist (Pop/Rock) Nominated
Favorite Female Artist (Soul/R&B) Won
"Killing Me Softly with His Song" Favorite Single (Pop/Rock) Nominated
1975 Favorite Female Artist (Soul/R&B) Nominated
"Feel Like Makin' Love" Favorite Single (Soul/R&B) Nominated
1979 Favorite Female Artist (Soul/R&B) Nominated

Discography

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Main article: Roberta Flack discography

Citations

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  1. ^ "Music: What Ever Happened to Rubina Flake?". Time. May 12, 1975. Archived from the original on May 3, 2015. Retrieved August 22, 2015.
  2. ^ a b Betts, Graham (2014). "Roberta Flack & Quincy Jones". Motown Encyclopedia. AC Publishing. ISBN 978-1-311-44154-6. Archived from the original on May 3, 2021. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Roberta Cleopatra Flack, 10 Feb 1937". FamilySearch. Archived from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
  4. ^ a b c Powers, Ann (February 10, 2020). "Why Is Roberta Flack's Influence On Pop So Undervalued?". NPR. Archived from the original on November 1, 2021. Retrieved November 1, 2021.
  5. ^ "After Three Years on Tilt, Roberta Flack Is Finally Lighting Up the Charts Again". People. Archived from the original on November 29, 2018. Retrieved November 28, 2018.
  6. ^ "Laron Flack and Irene Council, 14 Dec 1931". FamilySearch. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
  7. ^ a b c "Roberta Flack Page". Soulwalking.co.uk. Archived from the original on October 9, 2012. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
  8. ^ "Robert Flack profile at". Biography.com. Archived from the original on November 27, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
  9. ^ "Roberta Cleopatra Flack, 10 Feb 1937". FamilySearch. Archived from the original on January 1, 2022. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
  10. ^ Brass Music of Black Composers: A Bibliography. Greenwood Publishing Group. 1996. p. 96. ISBN 9780313298264. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  11. ^ Shirley, David (2001). North Carolina. Marshall Cavendish. p. 128. ISBN 9780761410720. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved October 16, 2020.
  12. ^ a b c Steve Huey (February 10, 1939). "Roberta Flack | Biography". AllMusic. Archived from the original on June 17, 2019. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  13. ^ a b c Weisbard, Eric, ed. (2007). Listen Again: A Momentary History of Pop Music. Duke University Press. p. 183. ISBN 978-0822340416.
  14. ^ a b "Roberta Flack". Roberta Flack. Archived from the original on January 22, 2010. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
  15. ^ "Roberta Flack, Best-Of Edition". NPR. April 21, 2006. Archived from the original on June 20, 2017. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  16. ^ "Mr. Henry's Restaurant – History Summary". Mrhenrysrestaurant.com. Archived from the original on March 19, 2014. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  17. ^ "Mr. Henry's Restaurant – Home". Mrhenrysrestaurant.com. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  18. ^ "Soul to Soul (film review)". Time Out. Archived from the original on March 29, 2017. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
  19. ^ Soul to Soul World Catalog Search Results. OCLC 840123917.
  20. ^ a b Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. p. 312. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
  21. ^ McGilligan (1999), p.194
  22. ^ Pond, Steve (June 12, 1997). "Singer's Career Was Softly Killed By Bad Luck And Insecurity". The Deseret News. p. C5. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2020.
  23. ^ "Bad by Michael Jackson". Songfacts. Songfacts®, LLC. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved December 4, 2020.
  24. ^ "Roberta Flack Gearing Up for Release of New Album "LET IT BE ROBERTA: ROBERTA FLACK SINGS THE BEATLES," an Album of Beatles' Classics". Yahoo! Finance. January 17, 2012.[permanent dead link‍]
  25. ^ "Roberta Flack's Long And Winding Road". NPR. February 18, 2012. Archived from the original on July 1, 2017. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
  26. ^ "Roberta Flack Biography". Robertaflack.com. Archived from the original on October 7, 2013. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
  27. ^ Mitchell, Gail (October 26, 2018). "Roberta Flack Returns With New Song 'Running': Premiere". Billboard. Archived from the original on November 1, 2019. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
  28. ^ Huey, Steve (n.d.). "Roberta Flack". AllMusic. Archived from the original on April 19, 2017. Retrieved March 18, 2017.
  29. ^ "Roberta Flack School of Music". Robertaflack.com. Archived from the original on October 5, 2010. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
  30. ^ Jacobson, Robert. "Roberta Flack – Biography". encyclopedia.com. Archived from the original on February 17, 2015. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
  31. ^ DeCurtis, Anthony (March 23, 1997). "Two Seasoned Voices, Together Raised for a Cause". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 14, 2017. Retrieved January 14, 2015.
  32. ^ "Growing Interest in DNA-Based Genetic Testing Among African American with Historic Election of President Elect Barack Obama". Prweb.com. Archived from the original on August 1, 2015. Retrieved November 11, 2012.
  33. ^ Haring, Bruce (April 20, 2018). "Roberta Flack Falls Ill At Apollo Theater, Rushed To Hospital". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on April 21, 2018. Retrieved April 21, 2018.
  34. ^ Fernandez, Alexia (April 21, 2018). "Singer Roberta Flack Rushed to the Hospital After She Fell Ill at the Apollo Theater". People. Archived from the original on April 21, 2018. Retrieved April 21, 2018.
  35. ^ "Roberta Flack is unable to sing after ALS diagnosis". November 14, 2022 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
  36. ^ "Roberta Flack has ALS, now 'impossible to sing,' rep says". Associated Press. November 14, 2022. Retrieved November 14, 2022.
  37. ^ "Roberta Flack Inspires Graduates at LIU Brooklyn Commencement - Long Island University". Archived from the original on January 1, 2020. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  38. ^ "2009 Inductees". North Carolina Music Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
  39. ^ Diop, Arimeta (June 29, 2021). "The Women Songwriters Hall of Fame Has Honored Its First Class of Inductees". Vanity Fair.
  40. ^ "Legendary Song Artist Roberta Flack Honored in Capitol Hill Ceremony – Photo Essay". CAPITOL HILL CORNER. March 13, 2022. Archived from the original on March 13, 2022. Retrieved March 13, 2022.
  41. ^ "Roberta Flack Timeline - Season 37 Episode 1". American Masters (PBS). January 17, 2023. Retrieved March 13, 2024.
  42. ^ Browley, Jasmine (April 24, 2024). "Usher And Roberta Flack Now Have Doctorate Degrees". essence.com. Essence.
  43. ^ "Roberta Flack". Grammy. Archived from the original on March 14, 2022. Retrieved November 11, 2012.

General and cited references

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  • Bryan, Sarah; Beverly Patterson (2013). "Roberta Flack". African American Trails of Eastern North Carolina. North Carolina Arts Council. p. 92. ISBN 978-1469610795.
  • McGilligan, Patrick (1999). Clint: The Life and Legend. Harper Collins. ISBN 0-00-638354-8.
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